Explained: Understanding Para-Shooting Classifications

Para-shooting, a precise sport in the Paralympic Games, requires competitors to demonstrate incredible focus and adaptability.

Like in other sports, ensuring a fair and competitive environment involves classifying athletes based on their abilities and needs.

The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) oversees this classification system, ensuring that each athlete competes on a level playing field.

In this article, we will break down the classifications of para-shooting, focusing on the SH1 and SH2 categories, and provide an overview of the different shooting disciplines.

Para-Shooting Classifications: SH1 and SH2

In para-shooting, athletes are classified into two main categories based on their physical abilities and the type of support they require to handle their firearms:

SH1:

- Definition: SH1 athletes are those who can hold and support their firearm without any assistance. They can shoot while standing or sitting, whether they are in a wheelchair or a regular chair.

- Firearms Used: Both pistols and rifles.

- Positions: Includes standing and sitting (in a wheelchair or regular chair).

- Events: SH1 athletes participate in various events such as air rifle, .22 rifle, and air pistol competitions.

SH2:

- Definition: SH2 athletes have a disability that prevents them from holding their rifle independently. They require a shooting stand or similar support to stabilize their firearm. While they can aim and control the rifle themselves, they may need assistance with reloading.

- Firearms Used: Rifles only.

- Positions: Typically shoot from a standing position, but always with the aid of a shooting stand.

- Events: SH2 athletes also compete in air rifle and .22 rifle events.

Shooting Disciplines and Classification

Para-shooting events are categorized by firearm type, shooting distance, and athlete classification.

Here’s a breakdown of some common events:

Equipment Adaptations

To accommodate the diverse needs of para-shooting athletes, specific equipment adaptations are made:

- Shooting Tables and Chairs: Ambulatory shooters use separate shooting tables, while wheelchair users may have integrated tables or shooting chairs tailored to their needs.

- Shooting Jackets: Seated competitors often wear specially adapted shooting jackets that are shortened to accommodate their seated position.

- Rifle Stands: SH2 shooters use rifle stands with varying levels of spring tension depending on their ability to support the rifle.

Rules and Equipment

The World Shooting Para Sport rules are adapted from the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) rules but include specific provisions for para-athletes. For instance, in 10m Air Rifle Prone and .22 Rifle Prone events, SH1 shooters use slings while SH2 shooters do not. Equipment specifications are outlined in the World Shooting Para Sport rulebook to ensure proper setup for ambulant and wheelchair users.